postgresql/templates/postgresql.conf

# -----------------------------
# PostgreSQL configuration file
# -----------------------------
#
# This file consists of lines of the form:
#
#   name = value
#
# (The "=" is optional.)  Whitespace may be used.  Comments are introduced with
# "#" anywhere on a line.  The complete list of parameter names and allowed
# values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
#
# The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
# Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
# you need to reload the server.
#
# This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
# signal.  If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
# server for the changes to take effect, or use "pg_ctl reload".  Some
# parameters, which are marked below, require a server shutdown and restart to
# take effect.
#
# Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
# "postgres -c log_connections=on".  Some parameters can be changed at run time
# with the "SET" SQL command.
#
# Memory units:  kB = kilobytes        Time units:  ms  = milliseconds
#                MB = megabytes                     s   = seconds
#                GB = gigabytes                     min = minutes
#                                                   h   = hours
#                                                   d   = days


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# FILE LOCATIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
# option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.

#data_directory = 'ConfigDir'           # use data in another directory
                                        # (change requires restart)
#hba_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_hba.conf'     # host-based authentication file
                                        # (change requires restart)
#ident_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_ident.conf' # ident configuration file
                                        # (change requires restart)

# If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
#external_pid_file = '(none)'           # write an extra PID file
                                        # (change requires restart)


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Connection Settings -

#listen_addresses = 'localhost'         # what IP address(es) to listen on;
                                        # comma-separated list of addresses;
                                        # defaults to 'localhost', '*' = all
                                        # (change requires restart)
#port = 5432                            # (change requires restart)
max_connections = 100                   # (change requires restart)
# Note:  Increasing max_connections costs ~400 bytes of shared memory per 
# connection slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
#superuser_reserved_connections = 3     # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_directory = ''             # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_group = ''                 # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_permissions = 0777         # begin with 0 to use octal notation
                                        # (change requires restart)
#bonjour = off                          # advertise server via Bonjour
                                        # (change requires restart)
#bonjour_name = ''                      # defaults to the computer name
                                        # (change requires restart)

# - Security and Authentication -

#authentication_timeout = 1min          # 1s-600s
#ssl = off                              # (change requires restart)
#ssl_ciphers = 'ALL:!ADH:!LOW:!EXP:!MD5:@STRENGTH'      # allowed SSL ciphers
                                        # (change requires restart)
#ssl_renegotiation_limit = 512MB        # amount of data between renegotiations
#password_encryption = on
#db_user_namespace = off

# Kerberos and GSSAPI
#krb_server_keyfile = ''
#krb_srvname = 'postgres'               # (Kerberos only)
#krb_caseins_users = off

# - TCP Keepalives -
# see "man 7 tcp" for details

#tcp_keepalives_idle = 0                # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
                                        # 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_interval = 0            # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
                                        # 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_count = 0               # TCP_KEEPCNT;
                                        # 0 selects the system default


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Memory -

shared_buffers = 24MB                   # min 128kB
                                        # (change requires restart)
#temp_buffers = 8MB                     # min 800kB
#max_prepared_transactions = 0          # zero disables the feature
                                        # (change requires restart)
# Note:  Increasing max_prepared_transactions costs ~600 bytes of shared memory
# per transaction slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
# It is not advisable to set max_prepared_transactions nonzero unless you
# actively intend to use prepared transactions.
#work_mem = 1MB                         # min 64kB
#maintenance_work_mem = 16MB            # min 1MB
#max_stack_depth = 2MB                  # min 100kB

# - Kernel Resource Usage -

#max_files_per_process = 1000           # min 25
                                        # (change requires restart)
#shared_preload_libraries = ''          # (change requires restart)

# - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -

#vacuum_cost_delay = 0ms                # 0-100 milliseconds
#vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1               # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10             # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20            # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_limit = 200                # 1-10000 credits

# - Background Writer -

#bgwriter_delay = 200ms                 # 10-10000ms between rounds
#bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100            # 0-1000 max buffers written/round
#bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0          # 0-10.0 multipler on buffers scanned/round

# - Asynchronous Behavior -

#effective_io_concurrency = 1           # 1-1000. 0 disables prefetching


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# WRITE AHEAD LOG
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Settings -

#wal_level = minimal                    # minimal, archive, or hot_standby
                                        # (change requires restart)
#fsync = on                             # turns forced synchronization on or off
#synchronous_commit = on                # immediate fsync at commit
#wal_sync_method = fsync                # the default is the first option 
                                        # supported by the operating system:
                                        #   open_datasync
                                        #   fdatasync
                                        #   fsync
                                        #   fsync_writethrough
                                        #   open_sync
#full_page_writes = on                  # recover from partial page writes
#wal_buffers = 64kB                     # min 32kB
                                        # (change requires restart)
#wal_writer_delay = 200ms               # 1-10000 milliseconds

#commit_delay = 0                       # range 0-100000, in microseconds
#commit_siblings = 5                    # range 1-1000

# - Checkpoints -

#checkpoint_segments = 3                # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each
#checkpoint_timeout = 5min              # range 30s-1h
#checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5     # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
#checkpoint_warning = 30s               # 0 disables

# - Archiving -

#archive_mode = off             # allows archiving to be done
                                # (change requires restart)
#archive_command = ''           # command to use to archive a logfile segment
#archive_timeout = 0            # force a logfile segment switch after this
                                # number of seconds; 0 disables

# - Streaming Replication -

#max_wal_senders = 0            # max number of walsender processes
                                # (change requires restart)
#wal_sender_delay = 200ms       # walsender cycle time, 1-10000 milliseconds
#wal_keep_segments = 0          # in logfile segments, 16MB each; 0 disables
#vacuum_defer_cleanup_age = 0   # number of xacts by which cleanup is delayed

# - Standby Servers -

#hot_standby = off                      # "on" allows queries during recovery
                                        # (change requires restart)
#max_standby_archive_delay = 30s        # max delay before canceling queries
                                        # when reading WAL from archive;
                                        # -1 allows indefinite delay
#max_standby_streaming_delay = 30s      # max delay before canceling queries
                                        # when reading streaming WAL;
                                        # -1 allows indefinite delay


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# QUERY TUNING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Planner Method Configuration -

#enable_bitmapscan = on
#enable_hashagg = on
#enable_hashjoin = on
#enable_indexscan = on
#enable_material = on
#enable_mergejoin = on
#enable_nestloop = on
#enable_seqscan = on
#enable_sort = on
#enable_tidscan = on

# - Planner Cost Constants -

#seq_page_cost = 1.0                    # measured on an arbitrary scale
#random_page_cost = 4.0                 # same scale as above
#cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01                  # same scale as above
#cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005           # same scale as above
#cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025             # same scale as above
#effective_cache_size = 128MB

# - Genetic Query Optimizer -

#geqo = on
#geqo_threshold = 12
#geqo_effort = 5                        # range 1-10
#geqo_pool_size = 0                     # selects default based on effort
#geqo_generations = 0                   # selects default based on effort
#geqo_selection_bias = 2.0              # range 1.5-2.0
#geqo_seed = 0.0                        # range 0.0-1.0

# - Other Planner Options -

#default_statistics_target = 100        # range 1-10000
#constraint_exclusion = partition       # on, off, or partition
#cursor_tuple_fraction = 0.1            # range 0.0-1.0
#from_collapse_limit = 8
#join_collapse_limit = 8                # 1 disables collapsing of explicit 
                                        # JOIN clauses


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ERROR REPORTING AND LOGGING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Where to Log -

#log_destination = 'stderr'             # Valid values are combinations of
                                        # stderr, csvlog, syslog, and eventlog,
                                        # depending on platform.  csvlog
                                        # requires logging_collector to be on.

# This is used when logging to stderr:
#logging_collector = off                # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
                                        # into log files. Required to be on for
                                        # csvlogs.
                                        # (change requires restart)

# These are only used if logging_collector is on:
#log_directory = 'pg_log'               # directory where log files are written,
                                        # can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
#log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log'        # log file name pattern,
                                        # can include strftime() escapes
#log_truncate_on_rotation = off         # If on, an existing log file of the
                                        # same name as the new log file will be
                                        # truncated rather than appended to.
                                        # But such truncation only occurs on
                                        # time-driven rotation, not on restarts
                                        # or size-driven rotation.  Default is
                                        # off, meaning append to existing files
                                        # in all cases.
#log_rotation_age = 1d                  # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
                                        # happen after that time.  0 disables.
#log_rotation_size = 10MB               # Automatic rotation of logfiles will 
                                        # happen after that much log output.
                                        # 0 disables.

# These are relevant when logging to syslog:
#syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
#syslog_ident = 'postgres'

#silent_mode = off                      # Run server silently.
                                        # DO NOT USE without syslog or
                                        # logging_collector
                                        # (change requires restart)


# - When to Log -

#client_min_messages = notice           # values in order of decreasing detail:
                                        #   debug5
                                        #   debug4
                                        #   debug3
                                        #   debug2
                                        #   debug1
                                        #   log
                                        #   notice
                                        #   warning
                                        #   error

#log_min_messages = warning             # values in order of decreasing detail:
                                        #   debug5
                                        #   debug4
                                        #   debug3
                                        #   debug2
                                        #   debug1
                                        #   info
                                        #   notice
                                        #   warning
                                        #   error
                                        #   log
                                        #   fatal
                                        #   panic

#log_min_error_statement = error        # values in order of decreasing detail:
                                        #   debug5
                                        #   debug4
                                        #   debug3
                                        #   debug2
                                        #   debug1
                                        #   info
                                        #   notice
                                        #   warning
                                        #   error
                                        #   log
                                        #   fatal
                                        #   panic (effectively off)

#log_min_duration_statement = -1        # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
                                        # and their durations, > 0 logs only
                                        # statements running at least this number
                                        # of milliseconds


# - What to Log -

#debug_print_parse = off
#debug_print_rewritten = off
#debug_print_plan = off
#debug_pretty_print = on
#log_checkpoints = off
#log_connections = off
#log_disconnections = off
#log_duration = off
#log_error_verbosity = default          # terse, default, or verbose messages
#log_hostname = off
#log_line_prefix = ''                   # special values:
                                        #   %a = application name
                                        #   %u = user name
                                        #   %d = database name
                                        #   %r = remote host and port
                                        #   %h = remote host
                                        #   %p = process ID
                                        #   %t = timestamp without milliseconds
                                        #   %m = timestamp with milliseconds
                                        #   %i = command tag
                                        #   %e = SQL state
                                        #   %c = session ID
                                        #   %l = session line number
                                        #   %s = session start timestamp
                                        #   %v = virtual transaction ID
                                        #   %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
                                        #   %q = stop here in non-session
                                        #        processes
                                        #   %% = '%'
                                        # e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
#log_lock_waits = off                   # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
#log_statement = 'none'                 # none, ddl, mod, all
#log_temp_files = -1                    # log temporary files equal or larger
                                        # than the specified size in kilobytes;
                                        # -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
#log_timezone = unknown                 # actually, defaults to TZ environment
                                        # setting


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RUNTIME STATISTICS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Query/Index Statistics Collector -

#track_activities = on
#track_counts = on
#track_functions = none                 # none, pl, all
#track_activity_query_size = 1024       # (change requires restart)
#update_process_title = on
#stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'


# - Statistics Monitoring -

#log_parser_stats = off
#log_planner_stats = off
#log_executor_stats = off
#log_statement_stats = off


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# AUTOVACUUM PARAMETERS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#autovacuum = on                        # Enable autovacuum subprocess?  'on' 
                                        # requires track_counts to also be on.
#log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1       # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
                                        # their durations, > 0 logs only
                                        # actions running at least this number
                                        # of milliseconds.
#autovacuum_max_workers = 3             # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
                                        # (change requires restart)
#autovacuum_naptime = 1min              # time between autovacuum runs
#autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50       # min number of row updates before
                                        # vacuum
#autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50      # min number of row updates before 
                                        # analyze
#autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2   # fraction of table size before vacuum
#autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1  # fraction of table size before analyze
#autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000  # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
                                        # (change requires restart)
#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 20ms    # default vacuum cost delay for
                                        # autovacuum, in milliseconds;
                                        # -1 means use vacuum_cost_delay
#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1      # default vacuum cost limit for
                                        # autovacuum, -1 means use
                                        # vacuum_cost_limit


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Statement Behavior -

#search_path = '"$user",public'         # schema names
#default_tablespace = ''                # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
#temp_tablespaces = ''                  # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
                                        # only default tablespace
#check_function_bodies = on
#default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
#default_transaction_read_only = off
#session_replication_role = 'origin'
#statement_timeout = 0                  # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
#vacuum_freeze_min_age = 50000000
#vacuum_freeze_table_age = 150000000
#bytea_output = 'hex'                   # hex, escape
#xmlbinary = 'base64'
#xmloption = 'content'

# - Locale and Formatting -

datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
#intervalstyle = 'postgres'
#timezone = unknown                     # actually, defaults to TZ environment
                                        # setting
#timezone_abbreviations = 'Default'     # Select the set of available time zone
                                        # abbreviations.  Currently, there are
                                        #   Default
                                        #   Australia
                                        #   India
                                        # You can create your own file in
                                        # share/timezonesets/.
#extra_float_digits = 0                 # min -15, max 3
#client_encoding = sql_ascii            # actually, defaults to database
                                        # encoding

# These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
lc_messages = 'C'                       # locale for system error message
                                        # strings
lc_monetary = 'C'                       # locale for monetary formatting
lc_numeric = 'C'                        # locale for number formatting
lc_time = 'C'                           # locale for time formatting

# default configuration for text search
default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'

# - Other Defaults -

#dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
#local_preload_libraries = ''


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# LOCK MANAGEMENT
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#deadlock_timeout = 1s
#max_locks_per_transaction = 64         # min 10
                                        # (change requires restart)
# Note:  Each lock table slot uses ~270 bytes of shared memory, and there are
# max_locks_per_transaction * (max_connections + max_prepared_transactions)
# lock table slots.


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# VERSION/PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -

#array_nulls = on
#backslash_quote = safe_encoding        # on, off, or safe_encoding
#default_with_oids = off
#escape_string_warning = on
#lo_compat_privileges = off
#sql_inheritance = on
#standard_conforming_strings = off
#synchronize_seqscans = on

# - Other Platforms and Clients -

#transform_null_equals = off


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#custom_variable_classes = ''           # list of custom variable class names
1	# -----------------------------
2	# PostgreSQL configuration file
3	# -----------------------------
4	#
5	# This file consists of lines of the form:
6	#
7	# name = value
8	#
9	# (The "=" is optional.) Whitespace may be used. Comments are introduced with
10	# "#" anywhere on a line. The complete list of parameter names and allowed
11	# values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
12	#
13	# The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
14	# Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
15	# you need to reload the server.
16	#
17	# This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
18	# signal. If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
19	# server for the changes to take effect, or use "pg_ctl reload". Some
20	# parameters, which are marked below, require a server shutdown and restart to
21	# take effect.
22	#
23	# Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
24	# "postgres -c log_connections=on". Some parameters can be changed at run time
25	# with the "SET" SQL command.
26	#
27	# Memory units: kB = kilobytes Time units: ms = milliseconds
28	# MB = megabytes s = seconds
29	# GB = gigabytes min = minutes
30	# h = hours
31	# d = days
32
33
34	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35	# FILE LOCATIONS
36	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
37
38	# The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
39	# option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.
40
41	#data_directory = 'ConfigDir' # use data in another directory
42	# (change requires restart)
43	#hba_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_hba.conf' # host-based authentication file
44	# (change requires restart)
45	#ident_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_ident.conf' # ident configuration file
46	# (change requires restart)
47
48	# If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
49	#external_pid_file = '(none)' # write an extra PID file
50	# (change requires restart)
51
52
53	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54	# CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
55	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
56
57	# - Connection Settings -
58
59	#listen_addresses = 'localhost' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
60	# comma-separated list of addresses;
61	# defaults to 'localhost', '*' = all
62	# (change requires restart)
63	#port = 5432 # (change requires restart)
64	max_connections = 100 # (change requires restart)
65	# Note: Increasing max_connections costs ~400 bytes of shared memory per
66	# connection slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
67	#superuser_reserved_connections = 3 # (change requires restart)
68	#unix_socket_directory = '' # (change requires restart)
69	#unix_socket_group = '' # (change requires restart)
70	#unix_socket_permissions = 0777 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
71	# (change requires restart)
72	#bonjour = off # advertise server via Bonjour
73	# (change requires restart)
74	#bonjour_name = '' # defaults to the computer name
75	# (change requires restart)
76
77	# - Security and Authentication -
78
79	#authentication_timeout = 1min # 1s-600s
80	#ssl = off # (change requires restart)
81	#ssl_ciphers = 'ALL:!ADH:!LOW:!EXP:!MD5:@STRENGTH' # allowed SSL ciphers
82	# (change requires restart)
83	#ssl_renegotiation_limit = 512MB # amount of data between renegotiations
84	#password_encryption = on
85	#db_user_namespace = off
86
87	# Kerberos and GSSAPI
88	#krb_server_keyfile = ''
89	#krb_srvname = 'postgres' # (Kerberos only)
90	#krb_caseins_users = off
91
92	# - TCP Keepalives -
93	# see "man 7 tcp" for details
94
95	#tcp_keepalives_idle = 0 # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
96	# 0 selects the system default
97	#tcp_keepalives_interval = 0 # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
98	# 0 selects the system default
99	#tcp_keepalives_count = 0 # TCP_KEEPCNT;
100	# 0 selects the system default
101
102
103	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
104	# RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
105	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
106
107	# - Memory -
108
109	shared_buffers = 24MB # min 128kB
110	# (change requires restart)
111	#temp_buffers = 8MB # min 800kB
112	#max_prepared_transactions = 0 # zero disables the feature
113	# (change requires restart)
114	# Note: Increasing max_prepared_transactions costs ~600 bytes of shared memory
115	# per transaction slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
116	# It is not advisable to set max_prepared_transactions nonzero unless you
117	# actively intend to use prepared transactions.
118	#work_mem = 1MB # min 64kB
119	#maintenance_work_mem = 16MB # min 1MB
120	#max_stack_depth = 2MB # min 100kB
121
122	# - Kernel Resource Usage -
123
124	#max_files_per_process = 1000 # min 25
125	# (change requires restart)
126	#shared_preload_libraries = '' # (change requires restart)
127
128	# - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -
129
130	#vacuum_cost_delay = 0ms # 0-100 milliseconds
131	#vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1 # 0-10000 credits
132	#vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10 # 0-10000 credits
133	#vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20 # 0-10000 credits
134	#vacuum_cost_limit = 200 # 1-10000 credits
135
136	# - Background Writer -
137
138	#bgwriter_delay = 200ms # 10-10000ms between rounds
139	#bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100 # 0-1000 max buffers written/round
140	#bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0 # 0-10.0 multipler on buffers scanned/round
141
142	# - Asynchronous Behavior -
143
144	#effective_io_concurrency = 1 # 1-1000. 0 disables prefetching
145
146
147	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
148	# WRITE AHEAD LOG
149	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
150
151	# - Settings -
152
153	#wal_level = minimal # minimal, archive, or hot_standby
154	# (change requires restart)
155	#fsync = on # turns forced synchronization on or off
156	#synchronous_commit = on # immediate fsync at commit
157	#wal_sync_method = fsync # the default is the first option
158	# supported by the operating system:
159	# open_datasync
160	# fdatasync
161	# fsync
162	# fsync_writethrough
163	# open_sync
164	#full_page_writes = on # recover from partial page writes
165	#wal_buffers = 64kB # min 32kB
166	# (change requires restart)
167	#wal_writer_delay = 200ms # 1-10000 milliseconds
168
169	#commit_delay = 0 # range 0-100000, in microseconds
170	#commit_siblings = 5 # range 1-1000
171
172	# - Checkpoints -
173
174	#checkpoint_segments = 3 # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each
175	#checkpoint_timeout = 5min # range 30s-1h
176	#checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
177	#checkpoint_warning = 30s # 0 disables
178
179	# - Archiving -
180
181	#archive_mode = off # allows archiving to be done
182	# (change requires restart)
183	#archive_command = '' # command to use to archive a logfile segment
184	#archive_timeout = 0 # force a logfile segment switch after this
185	# number of seconds; 0 disables
186
187	# - Streaming Replication -
188
189	#max_wal_senders = 0 # max number of walsender processes
190	# (change requires restart)
191	#wal_sender_delay = 200ms # walsender cycle time, 1-10000 milliseconds
192	#wal_keep_segments = 0 # in logfile segments, 16MB each; 0 disables
193	#vacuum_defer_cleanup_age = 0 # number of xacts by which cleanup is delayed
194
195	# - Standby Servers -
196
197	#hot_standby = off # "on" allows queries during recovery
198	# (change requires restart)
199	#max_standby_archive_delay = 30s # max delay before canceling queries
200	# when reading WAL from archive;
201	# -1 allows indefinite delay
202	#max_standby_streaming_delay = 30s # max delay before canceling queries
203	# when reading streaming WAL;
204	# -1 allows indefinite delay
205
206
207	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
208	# QUERY TUNING
209	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
210
211	# - Planner Method Configuration -
212
213	#enable_bitmapscan = on
214	#enable_hashagg = on
215	#enable_hashjoin = on
216	#enable_indexscan = on
217	#enable_material = on
218	#enable_mergejoin = on
219	#enable_nestloop = on
220	#enable_seqscan = on
221	#enable_sort = on
222	#enable_tidscan = on
223
224	# - Planner Cost Constants -
225
226	#seq_page_cost = 1.0 # measured on an arbitrary scale
227	#random_page_cost = 4.0 # same scale as above
228	#cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01 # same scale as above
229	#cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005 # same scale as above
230	#cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025 # same scale as above
231	#effective_cache_size = 128MB
232
233	# - Genetic Query Optimizer -
234
235	#geqo = on
236	#geqo_threshold = 12
237	#geqo_effort = 5 # range 1-10
238	#geqo_pool_size = 0 # selects default based on effort
239	#geqo_generations = 0 # selects default based on effort
240	#geqo_selection_bias = 2.0 # range 1.5-2.0
241	#geqo_seed = 0.0 # range 0.0-1.0
242
243	# - Other Planner Options -
244
245	#default_statistics_target = 100 # range 1-10000
246	#constraint_exclusion = partition # on, off, or partition
247	#cursor_tuple_fraction = 0.1 # range 0.0-1.0
248	#from_collapse_limit = 8
249	#join_collapse_limit = 8 # 1 disables collapsing of explicit
250	# JOIN clauses
251
252
253	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
254	# ERROR REPORTING AND LOGGING
255	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
256
257	# - Where to Log -
258
259	#log_destination = 'stderr' # Valid values are combinations of
260	# stderr, csvlog, syslog, and eventlog,
261	# depending on platform. csvlog
262	# requires logging_collector to be on.
263
264	# This is used when logging to stderr:
265	#logging_collector = off # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
266	# into log files. Required to be on for
267	# csvlogs.
268	# (change requires restart)
269
270	# These are only used if logging_collector is on:
271	#log_directory = 'pg_log' # directory where log files are written,
272	# can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
273	#log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log' # log file name pattern,
274	# can include strftime() escapes
275	#log_truncate_on_rotation = off # If on, an existing log file of the
276	# same name as the new log file will be
277	# truncated rather than appended to.
278	# But such truncation only occurs on
279	# time-driven rotation, not on restarts
280	# or size-driven rotation. Default is
281	# off, meaning append to existing files
282	# in all cases.
283	#log_rotation_age = 1d # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
284	# happen after that time. 0 disables.
285	#log_rotation_size = 10MB # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
286	# happen after that much log output.
287	# 0 disables.
288
289	# These are relevant when logging to syslog:
290	#syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
291	#syslog_ident = 'postgres'
292
293	#silent_mode = off # Run server silently.
294	# DO NOT USE without syslog or
295	# logging_collector
296	# (change requires restart)
297
298
299	# - When to Log -
300
301	#client_min_messages = notice # values in order of decreasing detail:
302	# debug5
303	# debug4
304	# debug3
305	# debug2
306	# debug1
307	# log
308	# notice
309	# warning
310	# error
311
312	#log_min_messages = warning # values in order of decreasing detail:
313	# debug5
314	# debug4
315	# debug3
316	# debug2
317	# debug1
318	# info
319	# notice
320	# warning
321	# error
322	# log
323	# fatal
324	# panic
325
326	#log_min_error_statement = error # values in order of decreasing detail:
327	# debug5
328	# debug4
329	# debug3
330	# debug2
331	# debug1
332	# info
333	# notice
334	# warning
335	# error
336	# log
337	# fatal
338	# panic (effectively off)
339
340	#log_min_duration_statement = -1 # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
341	# and their durations, > 0 logs only
342	# statements running at least this number
343	# of milliseconds
344
345
346	# - What to Log -
347
348	#debug_print_parse = off
349	#debug_print_rewritten = off
350	#debug_print_plan = off
351	#debug_pretty_print = on
352	#log_checkpoints = off
353	#log_connections = off
354	#log_disconnections = off
355	#log_duration = off
356	#log_error_verbosity = default # terse, default, or verbose messages
357	#log_hostname = off
358	#log_line_prefix = '' # special values:
359	# %a = application name
360	# %u = user name
361	# %d = database name
362	# %r = remote host and port
363	# %h = remote host
364	# %p = process ID
365	# %t = timestamp without milliseconds
366	# %m = timestamp with milliseconds
367	# %i = command tag
368	# %e = SQL state
369	# %c = session ID
370	# %l = session line number
371	# %s = session start timestamp
372	# %v = virtual transaction ID
373	# %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
374	# %q = stop here in non-session
375	# processes
376	# %% = '%'
377	# e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
378	#log_lock_waits = off # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
379	#log_statement = 'none' # none, ddl, mod, all
380	#log_temp_files = -1 # log temporary files equal or larger
381	# than the specified size in kilobytes;
382	# -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
383	#log_timezone = unknown # actually, defaults to TZ environment
384	# setting
385
386
387	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
388	# RUNTIME STATISTICS
389	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
390
391	# - Query/Index Statistics Collector -
392
393	#track_activities = on
394	#track_counts = on
395	#track_functions = none # none, pl, all
396	#track_activity_query_size = 1024 # (change requires restart)
397	#update_process_title = on
398	#stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
399
400
401	# - Statistics Monitoring -
402
403	#log_parser_stats = off
404	#log_planner_stats = off
405	#log_executor_stats = off
406	#log_statement_stats = off
407
408
409	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
410	# AUTOVACUUM PARAMETERS
411	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
412
413	#autovacuum = on # Enable autovacuum subprocess? 'on'
414	# requires track_counts to also be on.
415	#log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1 # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
416	# their durations, > 0 logs only
417	# actions running at least this number
418	# of milliseconds.
419	#autovacuum_max_workers = 3 # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
420	# (change requires restart)
421	#autovacuum_naptime = 1min # time between autovacuum runs
422	#autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
423	# vacuum
424	#autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
425	# analyze
426	#autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2 # fraction of table size before vacuum
427	#autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1 # fraction of table size before analyze
428	#autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000 # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
429	# (change requires restart)
430	#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 20ms # default vacuum cost delay for
431	# autovacuum, in milliseconds;
432	# -1 means use vacuum_cost_delay
433	#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1 # default vacuum cost limit for
434	# autovacuum, -1 means use
435	# vacuum_cost_limit
436
437
438	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
439	# CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
440	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
441
442	# - Statement Behavior -
443
444	#search_path = '"$user",public' # schema names
445	#default_tablespace = '' # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
446	#temp_tablespaces = '' # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
447	# only default tablespace
448	#check_function_bodies = on
449	#default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
450	#default_transaction_read_only = off
451	#session_replication_role = 'origin'
452	#statement_timeout = 0 # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
453	#vacuum_freeze_min_age = 50000000
454	#vacuum_freeze_table_age = 150000000
455	#bytea_output = 'hex' # hex, escape
456	#xmlbinary = 'base64'
457	#xmloption = 'content'
458
459	# - Locale and Formatting -
460
461	datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
462	#intervalstyle = 'postgres'
463	#timezone = unknown # actually, defaults to TZ environment
464	# setting
465	#timezone_abbreviations = 'Default' # Select the set of available time zone
466	# abbreviations. Currently, there are
467	# Default
468	# Australia
469	# India
470	# You can create your own file in
471	# share/timezonesets/.
472	#extra_float_digits = 0 # min -15, max 3
473	#client_encoding = sql_ascii # actually, defaults to database
474	# encoding
475
476	# These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
477	lc_messages = 'C' # locale for system error message
478	# strings
479	lc_monetary = 'C' # locale for monetary formatting
480	lc_numeric = 'C' # locale for number formatting
481	lc_time = 'C' # locale for time formatting
482
483	# default configuration for text search
484	default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'
485
486	# - Other Defaults -
487
488	#dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
489	#local_preload_libraries = ''
490
491
492	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
493	# LOCK MANAGEMENT
494	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
495
496	#deadlock_timeout = 1s
497	#max_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
498	# (change requires restart)
499	# Note: Each lock table slot uses ~270 bytes of shared memory, and there are
500	# max_locks_per_transaction * (max_connections + max_prepared_transactions)
501	# lock table slots.
502
503
504	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
505	# VERSION/PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
506	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
507
508	# - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -
509
510	#array_nulls = on
511	#backslash_quote = safe_encoding # on, off, or safe_encoding
512	#default_with_oids = off
513	#escape_string_warning = on
514	#lo_compat_privileges = off
515	#sql_inheritance = on
516	#standard_conforming_strings = off
517	#synchronize_seqscans = on
518
519	# - Other Platforms and Clients -
520
521	#transform_null_equals = off
522
523
524	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
525	# CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
526	#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
527
528	#custom_variable_classes = '' # list of custom variable class names